Coke and Pepsi War Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Coke and Pepsi War - Article Example The examination of the contextual investigation exposes the issues both the organizations have had with their concentrate makers, bottlers, and retailers while likewise featuring the throat cut rivalry among Coke and Pepsi. The procedures conveyed by the organizations are the equivalent: cost administration and separation systems. The key administration model additionally uncovers that the issues with the organization were identified with the flexibly chain and the enhancement systems into other non-cola drinks. The answer for the issues later talked about in detail is tied in with balancing out the development and deals while simultaneously re-marking its items to more readily interest the buyers. Coke and Pepsi are the two primary rivals in the drink business all around. Both the organizations have been at war since their initiation. The circumstance is with the end goal that the two organizations, Coke and Pepsi, are at each other’s throats so as to increase most piece of the overall industry on the planet particularly the United States. Coke and Pepsi, each are attempting to concoct imaginative items and thoughts in interest to build the piece of the pie. The adequacy and imagination of Pepsi and Coke’s key favorable position will decide a definitive champ as for deals, benefits, piece of the pie and client faithfulness. The contextual analysis ‘Cola Wars Continue Coke and Pepsi in the Twenty-First Century’ present the situation of both the organizations inner and outside techniques that have made each organization fight on for such an extensive stretch. Throughout the years since the commencement of both the organizations, Pepsi and Coke have confronted numerous issues and difficulties that have driven them to change their techniques. The primary key issue for both the organization has consistently lied as they continued looking for accomplishing the more noteworthy piece of the overall industry. Because of this point, the organizations have continually adjusted their packaging, valuing and marking procedures as new rivalry expanded and increasing more piece of the pie turned into an actual existence hotspot for the Pepsi and Coke (Yoffie, 2004).

Human Resource Management and Change Portfolio

Question: Talk about the Human Resource Management and Change Portfolio. Answer: Presentation: Dealing with the exhibitions of the individuals, remembering them and remunerating those specific individuals should be the fundamental issue for CERA Company and in this manner, it was imperative to lessen these issues as to improve the ideal development of the firm. Dealing with the exhibitions of the individuals occupied with the firm was seen as the most fundamental point for the advancement of the development of the firm (Entrekin Scott-Ladd, 2013). The organization of the reward plan of CERA was not reasonable for every one of the exhibitions given by various representatives inside the firm as a portion of the individuals were found to accomplish unprecedented work where there were not many of the representatives who should have been prepared at each progression. Hence, there was a need to build up the reward conspire abs per investigating the exhibitions of the various representatives inside the firm as this would have helped in expanding the fulfillment level of the workers i nside the firm (Hartel Fujimoto, 2010). Then again, the administration of individuals inside CERA was an inquiry an excessive number of the representatives related with the firm as the administration of their exhibitions with the assistance of paper was insufficient to give the ideal rise to the firm. It was discovered that the reward conspire didn't assess the following of the work and the exhibitions of the representatives exclusively and this was an inquiry for a most extreme number of the workers related with the firm (Jacobs, 2009). The presentation the board at CERA was seen as a stock standard as it followed an administration by the destinations sort of plan for the assessing of the exhibitions given by the various representatives related with the firm. This specific execution framework depended on the goals gave by the workers with respect to their individual position and they have to set their objectives dependent on the earlier year's outcomes which basically influenced the execution of the business procedure of the firm. The audit framework was given two times each year, right off the bat midyear survey and afterward the survey after the entire year. The conclusive outcomes of the survey were not palatable for the great entertainers as the administrative work uncovered the ideal actuality that the awful entertainers scored great position and they were compensated viably while the great entertainers were taken distinctly for thought (Triggle, 2014). Following barely any years the usage of the reward kind of plan drew out specific changes to the working and exhibitions of the representatives. The auditing of the exhibitions and the evaluation programs were basically founded on the surpassing objectives by rate. It mirrored that the extra was allotted to a specific zone and afterward it was separated into the colleagues dependent on the senior individual in the gathering (White Druker, 2013). The remarkable entertainers were evaluated by zipping reward though the great entertainers were given some additional cash yet the frameworks not saw as valuable by numerous individuals of the individuals. A portion of the individuals who became more acquainted with about the fulfilling and the reward framework assessed the way that there were numerous individuals who were not seen or evaluated or was not seen adequately by the chiefs. It has been seen that in some other association the looking into of the exhibitions of the representatives according to the total and best endeavors give them the ideal inspiration identified with crafted by the business procedure concerned. One reason or can be said as the serious issue of the reward plot was the misalignment all through the working environment concerned. Consequently, it is unequivocally prescribed that the directors need to comprehend the endeavors of the people working in the organization and them their exhibition ought to be inspected by the supervisory crew and they ought to be furnished with the ideal prizes and impetuses as merited by them. It has been seen that a portion of the individuals comprehend the way that they have been paid over different organizations in the market however the still anticipate a great deal from the organization and in addition, there turns into the urgent prerequisite of the fulfilling and evaluation programs for the workers (Varma Budhwar, 2013). All in all, the reward conspire is found to have a portion of the fundamental issues and these should be checked on by the supervisory crew according as per the general inclination of the representatives. References Entrekin, L. Scott-Ladd, B. (2013).Human Resource Management and Change. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. Hartel, C. Fujimoto, Y. (2010).Human asset the board. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson Australia. Jacobs, C. (2009).Management revamped. New York, N.Y.: Portfolio. Triggle, N. (2014). Why directors are considering staff happiness.Nursing Management,20(10), 9-9. https://dx.doi.org/10.7748/nm2014.02.20.10.9.s9 Varma, A. Budhwar, P. (2013).Managing HR in Asia-Pacific. Hoboken: Routledge, Taylor, and Francis Group. White, G. Druker, J. (2013).Reward Management. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis.

Effect of Absent Fathers on Child Development

Impact of Absent Fathers on Child Development The Effects on Children of Absent Fathers and Divorced Fathers The family picture has had an enormous change from the manner in which it was before and the manner in which it is today. There are a few sources that discussion about the various circumstances inside the connections of the mother and father and the impacts that the connections have on their youngsters. In Children of Gay Fathers, creators Robert Barret, and Bryan Robinson talk about the consequences for children’s conduct at whatever point there is a gay man child rearing while at the same time bringing up his kids or kid. They additionally talk about how hard it is for gay men to come out with their kid or kids and the response of others encompassing their kids. The Ballad of a Single Mother Lynn Olcott reveals to her anecdote about the battle as a single parent without the dad of her youngsters in the image (446). In Absent Fathers: Why Don’t We Ever Talk About the Unmarried Men? composed by Rebecca Blank, she discusses the unmarried dads and why they are missing and the effects that they have on their youngsters or family units. The fundamental issue that these creators contend about is the dad figures in children’s lives can influence the youngsters in a positive or negative manner relying upon what is happening. The one thing that all the expositions share in like manner is the money related trouble that happens when the two guardians split up, the mother or father. In Absent Fathers: Why Don’t We Ever Talk About the Unmarried Men?, Blank discussions about the money related difficulty that solitary ladies experience either on the grounds that the dad is: in prison, relinquished the mother, or the mother has gotten a separation and kid support isn't being providing for help the kids. Clear expresses that when fathers leave that there is a budgetary weight put on the mother to deal with her kids (440). â€Å"The ascend in single child rearing has not just prompted an expansion in the quantity of kids who genuinely live with and are essentially raised by their moms. It has additionally implied monstrous budgetary departure of these kids by their dads. This is a significant explanation with regards to why the ladies who bring up youngsters all alone are so prone to be poor.† said B lank (442). Spaces expresses that numerous ladies with low expertise working open doors factually have kids with men that are in a similar circumstance as them and accordingly the two guardians can't accommodate the kid like they ought to monetarily (443). Correspondingly, Olcott discusses the budgetary issues she experienced without a dad for her youngsters present in her story, â€Å"The Ballad of a Single Mother†. Olcott likewise makes reference to how when she was functioning that cash was additionally an issue and how she was being come up short on like different moms that were single and needed to think about their youngsters without anyone else with no money related help (446). She needed to work a great deal so as to deal with her youngster so she had next to no opportunity to deal with her kid the majority of the days. She even gotten another bill which was a childcare bill so as to ensure her youngster was maintained in control to work the all day occupation to acco mmodate her kid. Olcott and Blank have expressed that there will be an issue soon with the missing dads and single child rearing and they don’t see it being made sense of. Olcott wishes that she could invest more energy with her kids and have less budgetary issues and she says that she doesn't accept that her girls or their little girls won't have the option to remain at home and support their own youngsters without having a kid also. Olcott accepts that there isn’t going to be where single parents could just effectively surrender their business to deal with their children like previously (447). Clear believes that it might be difficult to advise men to find a new line of work to help their families in today’s society. â€Å"Though their conduct may not be forgivable, requesting them to find a new line of work and additionally pay more in kid backing may not be as handily cultivated as in years past† says Blank (444). There are a few contrasts in these papers also. Spaces discusses the absence of data single parents neglect to report about the dads. Most ladies know who the dads are nevertheless simply neglect to recognize who they are the point at which the child is conceived on the birth declaration. She states that the activities of missing dads are unpardonable (Blank 444). Interestingly Olcott talked about her monetary hardships not out of self centeredness or distress, yet as though she is glad to have conquered the battles of not having the help of her children’s father (447).The guardians of youngsters who have separated or never been hitched can have a negative contact with the guardians and kids. In Children of Gay Fathers, Barret accepts that when guardians experience divorces and the father’s sexuality changes that the youngster may become focused on due to knowing their father’s sexuality. He additionally says that the individuals that encompass the kid, companion s, may inaccessible themselves from the youngster or act diverse around the kid in light of the companions discovering that the dad is gay may likewise put weight on the kid making them removed themselves away from the dad. Barret additionally expresses that separate from itself puts weight on youngsters (410). In Absent Fathers: Why Don’t We Ever Talk About the Unmarried Men? Clear concurs that the nonattendance of a dad in the family puts weight on the single parent and youngster, and commonly the kid has no relationship with their dad. â€Å"For each and every mother there is a dad who isn't living with his children† says Blank (440). In The Ballad of a Single Mother Olcott tells about the hardships that her and her kids needed to experience without their dad being in their lives. She likewise conceded that she had passed up certain occasions in her children’s life since she worked all day. While working an all day work she couldn't partake in these uncommon occasions with her kids, harming their enthusiastic connections. One of her accounts is about her child surrendering soccer since her assets started to get tight and she couldn’t bear the cost of for her child to keep on playing soccer. She keeps on telling how a gathering of men who dealt with the class helping him to keep playing in the alliance by paying the charges. She sort of relates these men to being that father figure that her child never had and shows that if the dad was available that she wouldn’t need to stress over an issue like this one. The manner in which American families are today is very surprising from inside the past. It appears that having a missing dad is the new standard. In numerous families, you see many single parents bring up their youngsters all alone and battle to make a decent living more often than not. More often than not ladies must have government help with request to accommodate their kids. There are a few sources that discussion about the various circumstances inside the connections of the mother and father and the impacts that the connections have on their youngsters. In the three articles I picked, the writers share a shared view. They truly talk on the positive and negative impacts that missing dads can have on the kid as well as the family in general. The mother battles and the youngster stresses as a result of separation or in light of the sexuality of the dad and dread of what society may think about the kid and parent. A few people say that a dad being missing is reprehensible and feel f rustrated about the ladies to need to experience what they do or did and you have a few ladies who are really happy that they experienced the battle and defeated it simultaneously like Lynn Olcott makes reference to in her tale about being a single parent. You likewise have a few creators that concur with one another adage that they don’t believe that solitary child rearing ladies will have the option to surrender their employments as far as possible and support a kid simultaneously without attempting to do as such. What are your musings on single parents and missing dads or single parents child rearing? Works Cited Barret, Robert, and Bryan E. Robinson. â€Å"Children of Gay Fathers.† Writing in the Disciplines: A Reader and Rhetoric for Academic Writers. seventh ed. Eds. Mary Lynch Kennedy and William J. Kennedy. Upper Saddle River: Pearson, 2012. 409-414. Print. Clear, Rebecca M. â€Å"Absent Fathers:Why Don’t We Ever Talk About the Unmarried Men?† Writing in the Disciplines: A Reader and Rhetoric for Academic Writers. seventh ed. Eds. Mary Lynch Kennedy and William J. Kennedy. Upper Saddle River: Pearson, 2012. 439-444. Print. Olcott, Lynn. â€Å"The Ballad of a Single Mother.† Writing in the Disciplines: A Reader and Rhetoric for Academic Writers. seventh ed. Eds. Mary Lynch Kennedy and William J. Kennedy. Upper Saddle River: Pearson, 2012. 446-447. Print.

New SAT Writing Skills Changes And Prep Tips

The new SAT that was first conducted in March 2016, has unveiled a few major changes in the format. The Writing section of the SAT has gone through an interesting overhaul as well. The good news though is that you can still do well on the section if you are aware of the changes and prepare for them smartly. Writing And Language section Yes, that’s right; SAT Writing section is now Writing and Language skills. It combined with SAT Reading section will be scored on the scale of 800. The essay is not a part of this section anymore, and is optional. Sadly, for some of the colleges you apply to, the essay is mandatory. Writing and Language skills, forms the second section of the test. In this section you will encounter 44 questions and you have 35 minutes to complete them. Seems tough? Well, let’s unravel the mysteries and look at some simple tips that will help you ace the section. Why is the section vastly different? While we described the overall changes above, it’s important to pay attention to the new content and look of the section. You will notice that it is drastically different from the old SAT. Passage based questions only First thing you notice about the section is that it has done away with identify errors and sentence improvement questions. In fact there will be no isolated sentences and you will have to answer questions on four passages. More style, less grammar This might actually work to your advantage because questions on grammar rules were difficult. But the new SAT tests you on concise and logical writing by stressing on style related topics like word choice, macro logic and wordiness. Punctuation is tested Related articles # Inequalities 0 661 # Coordinate Geometry 0 1069 #SAT Writing And Language Word- Usage Question Type 0 1163 #SAT Writing And Language Passage Structure Based Question Type 0 2847 #SAT Writing And Language Grammar Question Type 0 1792 While punctuation came into play only with run-on sentences earlier, now it is a more frequent occurrence in the section. You will have to be spot on with placement of commas, colons and semi-colons. But you can get a hang of it in no time. Tips to do well in the section Rather than grammar rules emphasize on word choice, sentence and paragraph construction. In the new test you will encounter more reading comprehension questions; so read regularly. Studying ACT English can help you with the section because they are similar. Look at ACT Science in case to be better at reading data from charts and graphs. Go through the new practice tests unveiled by the College Board and familiarize yourself. Bearing these simple pointers in mind, you can do well in the writing section of New SAT.

Alzheimer s Free Essay Example, 1250 words

Alzheimer can be best defied as a pandemic disease. This is because approximately 1 million cases are found annually and the number is expected to accumulate in the coming years (Lu & Bludau, 2011). Lu and Bludau point out that, â€Å"by 2050, it is expected that there will be 11 to 16 million people diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease in the United States† (2011, p. 4). These are however mere estimates. In order to completely comprehend this physiological disease, the human race needs to put certain facts into consideration. Lu and Bludau’s study (2011) found that some people do not seek medical help hence making the number of cases higher, Alzheimer’s disease may be more common in western industrialized nations compared to countries in Africa and Asia, and lack of knowledge about Alzheimer’s disease on the part of those it is presented to makes it go undiagnosed. Additionally, the length of survival of Alzheimer patients, especially the elderly, i s shortened by lack of advanced medical care. Discussion The brain is able to carry out most of its functions through a complex system called the limbic system. We will write a custom essay sample on Alzheimer 's or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now It also contains certain lobes which are accountable for most of the behavior carried out by the human race and they include: 1. The Hippocampus and the Temporal Lobe According to the Alzheimer Society of Canada, verbal and visual memories are processed in the hippocampus (2014). Here, verbal memories are composed of words read, spoken or heard, while visual memories are composed of objects, places and faces seen. Short term memory and new learning are controlled by the temporal lobe. 2. Parietal Lobe Activities such as putting clothes in the right order or starting a car and driving would not be simple tasks if it were not for the parietal lobe. This lobe helps people to put activities in an orderly manner and also helps people in controlling their ability to judge positions and sizes of objects. The Alzheimer Society of Canada study found out that, depending on which side of the brain is affected, problems vary† (2014). 3. Frontal lobe This lobe is responsible for setting any activity into motion and enables people to plan and organize their actions. It also helps in control of individual’s social behavior and judgment. If this part of the brain is affected by the Alzheimer’s disease, the person tends to lose interest in any activity, stops hobbies and repeats an activity several times. There is also another lobe referred to as the occipital lobe, this lobe does not have a huge impact on Alzheimer’s as opposed to the other lobes; this is because it is normally responsible for visual representation of objects (Alzheimer Society of Canada, 2014).

General Conception Of Prejudice And Prejudice - 919 Words

The presence of stereotypes and prejudices existed from a long time ago along with the human history – partially often deeply integrated with religion or social status. In 21st century, people are facing with many different stereotypes and prejudices either directly or indirectly. Stereotype is a generalized belief or assumption towards some specific groups or people by the defined attributes or characteristics. Stereotyping can foster prejudice and shape people’s point of views and behaviors of ourselves and others. People measure the implicit and explicit prejudices such as linguistic bias or the income inequality. Some theories with respect to researching this long-lasting phenomenon have been raised their awareness of the difference between the traditional prejudice and the contemporary prejudice. To put it differently, the transition of empirical theories of prejudice has been evolved from the blatant and overt form to the subtle and symbolic form. One of the bigge st traits of the modern prejudice is hard to catch or notice so that even the prejudice holders are not aware of what they are performing. In this essay, I am going to address the general conception of prejudice using social categorization theory and dive in more details about specific types of prejudice as the essay goes further. In general, people interact or communicate with each other in many ways. They use a mixture of verbal and nonverbal methods to deliver their messages accurately and effectively.Show MoreRelatedPrejudice : A Sociological Perspective Of A Person857 Words   |  4 PagesThe general populace is guilty of articulating prejudicial remarks to one another. While there are people who are fully aware of the derogatory remarks they make, others act with ignorance or with the intention of humor. The existence of insensitivity towards a crucial subject is the continuous acceptance of discriminatory behavior against minorities. Consequently, the resentment is reciprocated by the minorities back to the middle and working class people. This is the culture families implementRead MoreA Dominant Force Or Trend Within Clothing, Opinion, Arts, And Culture Essay1055 Words   |  5 Pagessociety in where the existence of immersing oneself in the social and psychological characteristics of the ethnic mino rities is accepted and encouraged. N Nancy Scheper-Hughes- a professor of anthropology, author of â€Å"Ire in Ireland†. Norms- the conceptions of appropriate and expected behavior that are held by most members of the society. Norms are also referred to as social norms. Nation-state- a sovereign state whose citizens or subjects are similar in language, common descent, etc. Neoliberalism-Read MoreErving Goffmans Work Stigma1441 Words   |  6 Pagessocial environment experienced by minority group members (Meyer 1995). Internalized homophobia refers to the direction of societal level negative attitudes in regard to same-sex orientation, that macro level then funnels down toward individuals’ conception of the self. Before individuals begin to realize their own homosexuality, same-sex oriented people internalize societal anti-homosexual attitudes. When adolescents or young adults recognize their same-sex attraction, they begin to contemplate theirRead MoreBoundless Lack Of Freedom And Inferiority848 Words   |  4 Pagesexplores and deconstructs the notion of enlightenment in ‘An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?† by claiming that people with power cause fear in others, which has created a society that has restrictions and rules to control and ‘guide’ the general public. On the other hand, Mary Wollstonecraft (2016) highlights the inferior status that has been imposed upon women by those with power, which she further emphasizes in ‘A Vindication of the Rights of Woman’. Although, both authors have clearlyRead MoreThe Conflict Between Greeks And The Persians1662 Words   |  7 PagesHerodotus’s The Histories uses the culture of different peoples as a category of historical explanation in order to explain the entire story behind the conflict between the Greeks and the Persians, though his conception and account of culture has been a topic of debate for many decades. Herodotus’ method when exploring the culture of other peoples is to compare them to the known culture, his own culture, of Greece. Through the comparison of ‘the other’ to Greece, Herodotus not only explains the cultureRead MorePride and Prejudice by Jane Austen1363 Words   |  6 Pagesnot at all worth pleasing† (Austen 9) she forms the general consensus of the sentiment that a m ajority of the characters feel for Mr. Darcy throughout Pride and Prejudice. Cold, rude, arrogant, and snobbish are what many characters consider Darcy due to his actions towards society and, especially, Elizabeth, Jane, and Wickham throughout the story. At the commencement of the tale, Darcy refuses to dance with Elizabeth due to his premature prejudices against her looks and â€Å"inferior connections† (8).Read MoreAnalysis Of Invisible Man By Ralph Ellison1665 Words   |  7 Pagesfighting stereotype with stereotype as the obstacles he must overcome to find his true identity, and is ultimately unable to due to the constraints he feels from the society surrounding him. While the narrator of Invisible Man struggles to achieve the conception of his own identity, he finds his efforts blocked by the fact that he is an African American man living in an American society that is racist. For example, he experiences and passes through a series of different communities including the LibertyRead MoreThe Naturalization Act Of 19061140 Words   |  5 Pagesits difficult to extrapolate from this one source as to a general perception, this article indicates that the distinction between Negros and Americans as well as the connection between South Asians and Westerners of European descent were commonly held beliefs. In his description of American life published in 1923, Rajani Kanta Das noted that there was â€Å"strong prejudice† against associating with Negros in America at the time. This prejudice was credited partly to feelings of racial superiority amongstRead MoreGo Tell It On The Mountain1688 Words   |  7 Pagesabusive, level and appearance of the prejudice they were endeavoring to get away. Another example is Elizabeth’s decision to move North with her former lover Richard. Elizabeth was willing to move and start a new life due to harsh circumstances with her family and being neglected of her human rights in the South. These results of the American slave time and different remnants of this period that survived the Proclamation and the War constitute the prejudice that Baldwin portrays in Go Tell It onRead MoreA Very Short Introduction By Jonathan Culler1279 Words   |  6 Pagesperiods and cultural climates these two novels were published in, one can see how Austen’s work reflects the inception of a desire for equality which E.M. Forster’s work ultimately solidifies it in a new found manner. In Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice, the character of Elizabeth Bennett is progressively an image of her father. Moreover, her character wears the masculine ‘free-will’ in behavior and attitude of the men in this novel. We see her comparison with Mr. Bennett from his inclinations that

Donald B Chocolate Company Marketing Environment Analysis - Free Sampl

Question: Discuss about the Donald B Chocolate Company Marketing Environment Analysis. Answer: Introduction Market Environment Analysis is the most appropriate and adequate method to arrive at an understanding related to surrounding of an organization(Aaker, 2008). Donald B is a chocolate maker in Melbourne and also has two stores. In order to grow its brand in national and international markets, it has to develop strategies in order to cope with markets. The scope of the study analyses buyer behaviour in the market, microenvironment, macroenvironment and competition analysis for the Company to understand possible impact on its business. Buyer behaviour is a complex type of outcome in which a potential customer acts connected to a decision making for a purchase. Chocolate is a favorite product that attracts almost all variable type of demographics, hence analysing them further will help segment the market appropriately and cater to the same(Magretta, 2013). Donald B will be able to design marketing mix in an appropriate manner by analysing the complex buyer behaviour of consumers in the market also influence them. A consumer while making a purchase decision related to any product goes through a complex cycle of decision making on basis of their need based analysis system. The Company makes a varied type of products as cocoa product, confectionery, crystalized or glazed fruit, liquorice, marshmallow, drinking chocolate, candied nut, candied popcorn and so on. A wide range of factors impacts buyers while they making decision for purchasing a particular product as cultural factors, social factors, personal factors and p sychological factors(Hawkins, 2010). The factors acts within the complex system in which buyers takes decision related to a particular product. Varied behaviour of a buyer is dependent on brand of the product, in case there is significant difference between brands then buyers will react in a different manner compared to when there is almost nil difference between them. There can be two types of behaviour of buyers as high involvement and low involvement behaviour. The product made by Donald B does not significantly differ from other brands that offer chocolates(Solomon, 2012). Hence it is expected that in case a buyer is highly involved in purchasing chocolates regularly there will be less dissonance reducing buying behaviour. Meaning ones buyer recognizes need for purchasing chocolates, he or she will visit a particular store assess the alternatives available and post evaluation of alternatives will make a purchase. Most of the products offered by Donald B is low involvement product apart therefore, a consumer is less likely to face dissonance in their buying behaviour. In case of global expansion if the Company decides to manufacture high involvement product in chocolates as boutique chocolates or specialty chocolates, then its brand presence is bound to play a huge role. Most of the products that are manufactured by Donald B is low involvement product as consumers generally makes purchase of chocolates from impulse, as when influenced by kids or women. It is necessary that buyer outcome in case of products that are offered by the Company will be a habitual buying behaviour arising from factors as children present in family, women who like chocolates. Melbourne is a city with relatively stable population and consumers having spending power compared to suburbs. The Company with its two stores hence is able to cater to large number of customers in the city and also those coming to the city from suburbs for job purpose. In case the brand is able to deliver expected taste as per preference of consumers in chocolates, it is likely to have regular consumers that make purchase of its product. Microenvironment Chocolate is a highly liked product amongst multiple segments of consumers. In Australia prevalence of a number of chocolate makers and their presence in the market makes it difficult for a Company to establish a stable set of customers. Micro-environmental factor analysis relates to prevailing conditions within the industry that allows the Company establish a suitable position. While a Company as Donald B relatively new in the market compared to existence of multiple traditional chocolate manufacturers in the market establishes its business it faces a number of challenges. Most important factor that has impact on the Company is the forces that buyers or publics poses. As discussed earlier with emergence and prevalence of a number of chocolate manufacturers in the region, buyers or the publics have tremendous variety to make their purchases from(Australia, Retrieved on 31st March 2018). Buyers are offered with varied types of chocolates with varied types of prices. Across national as well as international markets buyers have presence of a large number of brands to select their products from. They can select from a wide range of the product available across the market. In this scenario presence of the brand or brand loyalty will make significant difference in purchase behaviour of the consumer. The industry in which the present Company is competing can expect high levels of switching behaviour amongst buyers. The product manufacturer has to design strategies to make its products widely available and accessible to consumers and at affordable rates. The brand can also provide added advantage as discounts, free gifts to lure customers more towards making brand purchase. The Company also has to make high investments into promotional activities such that publics recall value is high. The analysis proves that the brand experiences high pressure from its consumers due to a number of factors. A Company is able to establish and expand its business on basis of supplier relationship, which provides raw materials to the Company. Supplier power over a Company determines its success or failure in the market. Most integral raw material for manufacturing chocolate is cocoa. Australia manufactures small amounts of cocoa in its Northern and other parts. Production and supply of Australia is well regulated by Governmental engagement and with presence of Unions in the region. Fair trade agreements prevent cocoa producers being exploited in the region and majority of chocolate manufactures gets their supply of cocoa from Australian agriculture itself. Due to high demands of cocoa, suppliers tend to charge high prices which remain stable throughout the year. Presence of Supplier Unions prevents any process of bargaining from taking place and chocolate manufactures across the country are served on similar rates. Donald B being a relatively smaller manufacturer catering to demands in Mel bourne experiences significant power threat from suppliers of cocoa. In case the Company decides on global business, then it has to ascertain a cost effective supplier from Africa, that manufactures large quantities of the product. In such cases as well the Company will face significant pressures due to established chocolate businesses around the world getting their raw materials from there. Therefore, it needs to sell at a price that covers its cost price for cocoa and cannot afford rates below that. Competition Analysis Donald B wants to expand its companys operations in national as well as international markets. The Company will have to encounter several competitive pressures from national as well as international companies. Chocolate manufacturing is a highly lucrative industry due to prevalence of wide range of customers. Moreover, chocolate manufacturers that operate on international scale operates on costs competitive basis with their suppliers being based in Africa, manufacturing plants based I n less developing countries and so on(Armstrong, 2014). Internationally Donald B has to compete with Cadbury, Mars, Ferrero Rocher, Toblerone, Godiva, Ghirardelli, Patchi and many more. While national competitors constitutes Crest Chocolates, Chocolate Gems manufacturers, Melbas Chocolates, Charleys Chocolate Factory, Haighs Chocolates, FMI Australia Pty Ltd, Chocolate Apple Factory and many more. This implies that competitive pressures are tremendous on the Company on national as well as on for interna tional basis. National level chocolate manufacturers have established their businesses since a prolonged time hence have supplier value chain and distribution relationships as well. National chocolate manufacturers sells products through multiple avenues, through their own stores, also through retail and convenience stores. The product being a low involvement one requires brand presence or presence of the product across multiple locations for high sales to take place. Donald B though has considered selling its chocolates through Coles, Woolworths and Aldi or other specialty stores have not been successful in doing so. Meaning the product presence or brand presence of the Company is significantly low and very few buyers are aware of the products. It implies that the Company in order to cater on national basis has to first make its products available across a wide range of stores and then assimilate consumer response to the product. Once it offers its products across national platform will it be abl e to successfully understand the competitive pressures and then design marketing strategies accordingly(Esch, 2008). It has to maintain a steady shipment or continuous supply of the product to gain brand prevalence in the market, while maintaining price competitiveness. In the international markets as well the Company will face tremendous competitive pressures and it has to cater to its products at cost effective rates. It also needs to establish a value chain of distribution by making tie-ups with large retailers to cater to larger segment of consumers. Macro-environment Analysis Macro-environmental factors are those forces that the countrys environment implies upon the Companys operations. Donald B is currently catering to Australian markets hence macro-environmental factor related to the Australia will apply on it. Australia has a stable political system. Bureaucratic intervention into businesses is minimum, where businesses are merely required to obtain trade license from Chambers of Commerce and pay their taxes in it. Being a political democracy, businesses receive tremendous impetus from the government to establish and flourish their businesses. Economic environment within Australia is also stable with stable currency rates(www.businessinsider.com, Retreived on 31st March 2018). Markets are stable in Australia and inflation rates are low. There is low rates of unemployment within the country. The Company will not face any negative influences from the economic factors in Australia. Socially, Australia comprises of a mixed population. High and robust popul ation with stable number of immigrants offer large number of consumers for an y products to businesses. Maximum part of the society is aged below 60 years of age meaning they have high propensity to spend. Technologically Australia is quite developed where companies can easily offer their products through ecommerce platforms. The Company can easily sell its products through ecommerce website or by making tie-up with other ecommerce portals. Cultural factors as make chocolate a well-liked product within the country. With growing young and robust segment of the population, most like consuming energy bars as a healthy snack or chocolates for meeting their empty calorie needs. Internationally however there is bound to be several impact from macro-environmental forces(Ferrell, 2012). The Company will need to comply with laws and regulations within the country that it operates and caters to. It has to obtain trade license, Food and regulation authority certification and any other certific ation as deemed appropriate. Moreover the Company has to comply with their political and cultural system prior to catering their products. Conclusion Analysing above macro-environmental and micro-environmental factors implies that the Company can easily expand its business operations nationally and internationally. It however has to comply to norms and regulation of the country and area of operations. Analysis of competitive forces and consumer behaviour will help the Company to cater to products in a well fashioned manner. Reference Lists Aaker, D. K. (2008). Marketing research. John Wiley Sons. Armstrong, G. A. (2014). Principles of marketing. Pearson Australia. Australia. (Retrieved on 31st March 2018). Market Research Report. https://www.marketresearchreports.com/countries/australia. Esch, F. R. (2008). Marketing. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Ferrell, O. C. (2012). Marketing strategy, text and cases. . Nelson Education. Hawkins, D. I. (2010). Consumer behavior. Implications for marketing strategy, 5. Magretta, J. (2013). Understanding Michael Porter: The essential guide to competition and strategy. . Harvard business press. Solomon, M. R.-B. (2012). Consumer behaviour. Pearson Higher Education AU. www.businessinsider.com. (Retreived on 31st March 2018). Australian Interst Rates. https://www.businessinsider.com.au/why-australian-interest-rates-are-unlikely-to-return-to-pre-gfc-levels-2017-2.